Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025

Critical minerals, which are essential for a range of energy technologies and the broader economy, have become a major focus in global policy discussions. Due to price volatility, supply chain bottlenecks and geopolitical concerns, tracking their supply and demand has become a vital task.

The 2025 edition of the IEA’s annual Global Critical Minerals Outlook includes a detailed assessment of the latest market and investment trends, along with their implications for critical mineral security. As in last year’s Outlook, it will provide a snapshot of recent industry developments and offer medium- and long-term projections for the supply and demand of key energy minerals, taking into account the latest policy and technology developments.

The 2025 Outlook will also explore key issues such as mineral supply chains for alternative emerging battery technologies; recent innovations in mining, refining and recycling; policy mechanisms to support diversification; and strategic minerals for applications beyond the energy sector. Additionally, the report will include a comprehensive review of minerals markets and policy developments in different regions. It will be accompanied by an updated version of our Critical Minerals Data Explorer, an interactive online tool that allows users to explore the latest IEA projections.