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Data and statistics

Global energy sector CO2 emissions and COP28 pathway, 2030

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Gt CO2

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3201520162017201820192020202120222023202420300510152025303540
  • CO2 emissions
  • COP28 pathway

Global fossil fuel demand and COP28 pathway, 2030

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EJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3201520162017201820192020202120222023202420300100200300400500600
  • Oil
  • Natural gas
  • Coal
  • COP28 pathway (oil)
  • COP28 pathway (natural gas)
  • COP28 pathway (coal)

Supply cost curves for renewable hydrogen based on hybrid onshore wind-PV configurations, 2035

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Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Hydrogen production potential (Mtpa)Levelised cost of hydrogen (USD/KG H201234567891011121314151633.544.555.566.577.58
  • WACC 8%
  • WACC 12%
  • WACC 18%

Average Russian oil exports by country and region, 2021-2024

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mb/d

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320212022202320240123456789
  • European Union
  • United Kingdom and United States
  • Türkiye
  • China
  • India
  • OECD Asia
  • Middle East
  • Africa
  • Latin America
  • Other and unknown

Level of floods, droughts and tropical cyclones in Iraq, 2000-2023

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Created with Highcharts 9.3.3IraqWorld averageIraqWorld averageIraqWorld averageIraqWorld average0246810River floodCoastal floodDroughtCyclone
  • Medium
  • High
  • World average

Refineries in Iraq exposed to an increase in one-day maximum precipitation by climate scenario, 2021-2100

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Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Below 2 °CAround 3 °CAbove 3 °CRefineries capacityOne-day maximum precipitation (change in %)2021-20402041-20602081-21002021-20402041-20602081-21002021-20402041-20602081-21000%25%50%75%100%
  • 0-10%
  • 10-20%
  • 20-30%
  • 30-40%
  • >40%

Electricity grid in Iraq exposed to an increase in one-day maximum precipitation by climate scenario, 2021-2100

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Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Below 2 °CAround 3 °CAbove 3 °CElectricity grids coverageOne-day maximum precipitation (change in %)2021-20402041-20602081-21002021-20402041-20602081-21002021-20402041-20602081-21000%25%50%75%100%
  • 0-10%
  • 10-20%
  • 20-30%
  • 30-40%
  • >40%

Cooling degree days in Iraq, 2000-2023

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CDD 21 (Degree [°C] days)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32000200220042006200820102012201420162018202020222000210022002300240025002600
  • Annual surface temperature
  • Linear regression

Heating degree days in Iraq, 2000-2023

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HDD 16 (Degree [°C] days)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3200020022004200620082010201220142016201820202022300350400450500550600650700
  • Annual surface temperature
  • Linear regression

Level of warming in Iraq, 2000-2023

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°C/year

Created with Highcharts 9.3.300.010.020.030.040.050.06
  • Medium
  • World average

Enhanced-geothermal cost reductions from the high level transfer of oil and gas industry expertise in the United States compared to 2023 costs

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USD/kW

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32023Evaluation and​planningResearchSpilloverEconomies of scaleSurface facilitiesReduced costs025005000750010 00012 50015 00017 500

Levelised cost of electricity of next-generation geothermal in a low-cost case, 2025-2050

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USD/MWh

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3202520352050050100150200250300
  • Drilling costs
  • Other construction costs
  • Operation and maintenance
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