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Data and statistics

Average Russian oil exports by country and region, 2021-2024

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mb/d

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320212022202320240123456789
  • European Union
  • United Kingdom and United States
  • Türkiye
  • China
  • India
  • OECD Asia
  • Middle East
  • Africa
  • Latin America
  • Other and unknown

Share of European Union gas demand met by Russian supply, 2001-2024

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32004 - IEA calls for​diversification​from Russian gas2006 - Cuts in gas ​supply via Ukraine2009 - Cuts in gas ​supply via Ukraine2014 - Russia's​annexation of Crimea2021 - 'Artificial scarcity'​caused by Gazprom2022 - Russia's​invasion of Ukraine20022004200620082010201220142016201820202022202401020304050

Government spending for clean energy investment support and crisis-related short-term consumer energy affordability measures

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USD billion

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Energy affordability spendingCovid-19 crisis responseGlobal energy crisis0250500750100012501500Clean energy investments
  • 6 months later
  • 12 months later
  • 18 months later
  • 24 months later
  • 30 months later
  • 36 months later

Change in natural gas demand by European Union member state, 2022 vs 2021

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3bcm0510152025303540455055-50-40-30-20-10010
  • Other
  • Spain
  • France
  • Italy
  • Germany
  • Netherlands
  • Finland

IEA renewable electricity capacity forecast revisions for the European Union and selected countries, December 2021 - December 2022

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3European UnionGermanySpainPolandNetherlandsItalyOther EU010203040506070

Share of European Union gas demand met by Russian supply, 2001-2022

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32002200420062008201020122014201620182020202201020304050

Government consumer measures to reduce energy bills during the energy crisis

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billion USD

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3European UnionRest of advanced economiesEmerging markets and developing economies050100150200250300350400

Year-on-year change in European Union gas demand by sector, Q1 2020 - Q4 2022

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Q1 2020Q2 2020Q3 2020Q4 2020Q1 2021Q2 2021Q3 2021Q4 2021Q1 2022Q2 2022Q3 2022Q4 2022-25-20-15-10-505101520Estimated values
  • Buildings
  • Power
  • Industry
  • Net change

Elements that can already be expected to fill part of the European Union supply-demand gap

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Solar PV and windNuclear and​hydropowerFuel switchingBuildings efficiencyHeat pumpsBiomethane02468101214

Baseline level of gas supply available to the European Union in 2023

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3PipelineLiquified natural gasDomestic production0255075100125150175
  • Norway
  • North Africa
  • United Kingdom
  • Azerbaijan
  • 2022 Liquified natural gas imports
  • New capacity available
  • Natural gas
  • Biomethane

Assessment of the natural gas balance of the European Union in case of total cut-off of Russian flows and limited LNG availability in 2023

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Supply-demand gapBaseline demandSupply-demand gapBaseline supply0100200300400
  • Baseline demand
  • Supply-demand gap
  • LNG
  • Pipeline imports
  • Domestic production

Additional levels of European Union gas demand in 2023 above demand in 2022

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32022 demandTemperature adjustmentIndustry demand​destructionExports to Ukraine and​Moldova2023 baseline demand300320340360380400420
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