Important message for WDS users

The IEA has discontinued providing data in the Beyond 2020 format (IVT files and through WDS). Data is now available through the .Stat Data Explorer, which also allows users to export data in Excel and CSV formats.

Read documentation

Data and statistics

Levelised cost of electricity of geothermal and other low-emissions dispatchable technologies in the Announced Pledges Scenario, 2035

Open

USD/MWh (2023, MER)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3ConventionalNext-​generationGas with​carbon​capture and​storageHydroNuclearCoal with​carbon​capture and​storageBioenergyConcentrating​solar powerHydrogen0100200300400500GeothermalDispatchable
  • Levelised cost of electricity of geothermal
  • Other low-emissions dispatchable technologies

Conventional geothermal power capacity in the Stated Policies and Announced Pledges scenarios, 2023-2050

Open
Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Total installed capacity (GW)20232030204020500102030405060708090
  • STEPS
  • APS

Share of conventional geothermal in global electricity generation in the Stated Policies and Announced Pledges scenarios, 2023-2050

Open

%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Share in electricity generation (%)STEPSAPS2024202620282030203220342036203820402042204420462048205000.20.40.60.81
  • STEPS
  • APS

Share of total supply for next-generation geothermal, 2030-2050

Open

%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32030204020500246810
  • Electricity
  • Industrial heat
  • Centralised heat

Heating demand for different technologies and levels of insulation, United Kingdom

Open

Heating demand (kWh/year)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Solid walled house (no insulation)Average insulated houseWell insulated house025005000750010 00012 50015 00017 50020 000
  • Gas boiler (92% efficient)
  • Direct electric heating (100% efficient)
  • Heat pump (air-source, 250% efficient)
  • Heat pump (ground-source, 320% efficient)

Heating energy cost for different technologies and levels of insulation in selected countries

Open

USD/year

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3United KingdomFranceSwedenSolid walled​house (no​insulation)Average​insulated​houseWell insulated​houseSolid walled​house (no​insulation)Average​insulated​houseWell insulated​houseSolid walled​house (no​insulation)Average​insulated​houseWell insulated​house0100020003000400050006000
  • Gas boiler (92% efficient)
  • Direct electric heating (100% efficient)
  • Heat pump (air-source, 250% efficient)
  • Heat pump (ground-source, 320% efficient)

Demand for biogases by country/region and sector, main case, 2023 and 2030

Open

PJ/year

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32023203020232030202320302023203020232030020040060080010001200European UnionUnited StatesChinaIndiaOther countries
  • Residential and commercial buildings and agriculture
  • Industry
  • Road transport
  • Electricity and heat
  • Others

Levelised cost of heating of residential heat pumps and alternatives in cold and severe cold climates in Chinese urban areas

Open

USD/GJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Air-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heatEH-strgGas boilerDist. heatAir-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heatEH-strgGas boilerDist. heat0510152025Harbin (Heilongjiang)Lanzhou (Gansu)
  • Capital cost
  • Operating cost (Energy)
  • Operating cost (Other)

Levelised cost of heating and cooling of residential heat pumps and alternatives in hot summer-cold winter climates in Chinese urban areas

Open

USD/GJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Air-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heat+ACGas boiler+ACAir-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heat+ACGas boiler+AC0510152025Hangzhou (Zhejiang)Wuhan (Hubei)
  • Capital cost
  • Operating cost (Energy)
  • Operating cost (Other)

Final energy consumption for heating per temperature level per sector in China, 2022

Open

EJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Temperature range of operation of state-of-art heat pumps applications<60°C60-100°C100-200°C200-400°C>400°C051015202530
  • Buildings
  • Chemicals
  • Iron and steel
  • Non-ferrous metals
  • Non-metallic minerals
  • Pulp and paper
  • Light industries
  • Refinery

Electricity bill savings from demand response for households by end-use in the NZE Scenario, 2030 and 2050

Open

%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Advanced economies 2030Advanced economies 2050Emerging market and developing​economies 2030Emerging market and developing​economies 2050020406080100
  • Appliances
  • Cooling
  • Water heating
  • Space heating
  • EV charging