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Levelised cost of heating of residential heat pumps and alternatives in cold and severe cold climates in Chinese urban areas

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USD/GJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Air-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heatEH-strgGas boilerDist. heatAir-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heatEH-strgGas boilerDist. heat0510152025Harbin (Heilongjiang)Lanzhou (Gansu)
  • Capital cost
  • Operating cost (Energy)
  • Operating cost (Other)

Levelised cost of heating and cooling of residential heat pumps and alternatives in hot summer-cold winter climates in Chinese urban areas

Open

USD/GJ

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Air-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heat+ACGas boiler+ACAir-to-waterAir-to-airElec. heat+ACGas boiler+AC0510152025Hangzhou (Zhejiang)Wuhan (Hubei)
  • Capital cost
  • Operating cost (Energy)
  • Operating cost (Other)