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Data and statistics

IEA renewable electricity capacity forecast revisions for the European Union and selected countries, December 2021 - December 2022

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3GermanySpainPolandNetherlandsItalyOther EU0102030405060708090100

Share of European Union gas demand met by Russian supply, 2001-2022

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32002200420062008201020122014201620182020202201020304050

Government consumer measures to reduce energy bills during the energy crisis

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billion USD

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3European UnionRest of advanced economiesEmerging markets and developing economies050100150200250300350400

Market sizes for key clean technologies in the Announced Pledges Scenario, 2030

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USD Billion

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3ChinaEuropean UnionUnited StatesIndiaOther Asia Pacific050100150200250300350400450
  • Domestic supply - Announced projects
  • Domestic demand - Announced Pledges Scenario

Time available for final investment decision in clean energy technology supply chain capacity by technology category in the Net Zero Scenario, 2023-2030

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Final investment decision year

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Clean technology manufacturingCritical mineral processingOther critical mineral miningCopper mining2023202420252026202720282029

Year-on-year change in European Union gas demand by sector, Q1 2020 - Q4 2022

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Q1 2020Q2 2020Q3 2020Q4 2020Q1 2021Q2 2021Q3 2021Q4 2021Q1 2022Q2 2022Q3 2022Q4 2022-25-20-15-10-505101520Estimated values
  • Buildings
  • Power
  • Industry
  • Net change

Elements that can already be expected to fill part of the European Union supply-demand gap

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Solar PV and windNuclear and​hydropowerFuel switchingBuildings efficiencyHeat pumpsBiomethane02468101214

Baseline level of gas supply available to the European Union in 2023

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3PipelineLiquified natural gasDomestic production0255075100125150175
  • Norway
  • North Africa
  • United Kingdom
  • Azerbaijan
  • 2022 Liquified natural gas imports
  • New capacity available
  • Natural gas
  • Biomethane

Assessment of the natural gas balance of the European Union in case of total cut-off of Russian flows and limited LNG availability in 2023

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Supply-demand gapBaseline demandSupply-demand gapBaseline supply0100200300400
  • Baseline demand
  • Supply-demand gap
  • LNG
  • Pipeline imports
  • Domestic production

Additional levels of European Union gas demand in 2023 above demand in 2022

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bcm

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32022 demandTemperature adjustmentIndustry demand​destructionExports to Ukraine and​Moldova2023 baseline demand300320340360380400420

Government energy affordability spending earmarked by region

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3European UnionOther advanced economiesEmerging markets and developing​economiesGlobal020406080100
  • Targeted affordability measures
  • Non-targeted affordability measures

Total government clean energy investment support enacted since the start of the Covid-19 crisis, by region

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USD billion

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Total Clean Energy Investment - 1 215 USD billionEmerging markets and developing economiesAdvanced economiesUnited States
  • Emerging markets and developing economies
  • Advanced economies
  • United States
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