Important message for WDS users

The IEA has discontinued providing data in the Beyond 2020 format (IVT files and through WDS). Data is now available through the .Stat Data Explorer, which also allows users to export data in Excel and CSV formats.

Data and statistics

Copper supply requirements and expected supply from announced projects in 2035

Open

Mt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Copper051015202530
  • 2023 supply
  • 2035 supply
  • 2035 net demand

Capital requirements for mining to meet demand in the Announced Pledges and Net Zero Scenarios, by 2040

Open

billion USD (2023)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Announced Pledges ScenarioNet Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario0100200300400500600700800900
  • Cobalt
  • Copper
  • Lithium
  • Nickel
  • Rare earths

IEA energy transition mineral price index, January 2020-April 2024

Open
Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Index (Jan 2020 = 100)Mineral price indexJan-20Feb-20Mar-20Apr-20May-20Jun-20Jul-20Aug-20Sep-20Oct-20Nov-20Dec-20Jan-21Feb-21Mar-21Apr-21May-21Jun-21Jul-21Aug-21Sep-21Oct-21Nov-21Dec-21Jan-22Feb-22Mar-22Apr-22May-22Jun-22Jul-22Aug-22Sep-22Oct-22Nov-22Dec-22Jan-23Feb-23Mar-23Apr-23May-23Jun-23Jul-23Aug-23Sep-23Oct-23Nov-23Dec-23Jan-24Feb-24Mar-24Apr-24050100150200250300350

Price developments of minerals and metals by category, January 2020 – April 2024

Open
Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Index (Jan 2020 = 100)Base metalsBattery metalsRare earth elementsJan-20Feb-20Mar-20Apr-20May-20Jun-20Jul-20Aug-20Sep-20Oct-20Nov-20Dec-20Jan-21Feb-21Mar-21Apr-21May-21Jun-21Jul-21Aug-21Sep-21Oct-21Nov-21Dec-21Jan-22Feb-22Mar-22Apr-22May-22Jun-22Jul-22Aug-22Sep-22Oct-22Nov-22Dec-22Jan-23Feb-23Mar-23Apr-23May-23Jun-23Jul-23Aug-23Sep-23Oct-23Nov-23Dec-23Jan-24Feb-24Mar-24Apr-24050100150200250300350400
  • Base metals
  • Battery metals
  • Rare earth elements

Capital expenditure on nonferrous metal production by 25 major mining companies, 2011-2023

Open

billion USD

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220230102030405060
  • Diversified majors
  • Cobalt, nickel, copper specialists
  • Lithium specialists

Geographical distribution of refined material production for key energy transition minerals in the base case, 2023-2040

Open

%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040020406080100CopperLithiumNickelCobaltNatural graphiteRare earth minerals
  • Rest of world
  • Australia
  • Viet Nam
  • Germany
  • United States
  • Malaysia
  • Canada
  • Argentina
  • Japan
  • Finland
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Chile
  • China
  • Indonesia

Global cobalt demand in the Net Zero Scenario, 2023-2040

Open

kt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32023203020400100200300400500
  • Clean energy
  • Other uses

Geographical distribution of mined or raw material production for key energy transition minerals in the base case, 2023-2040

Open

%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040202320302040020406080100CopperLithiumNickelCobaltGraphiteRare earth minerals
  • Rest of world
  • Brazil
  • United States
  • Myanmar
  • Madagascar
  • Mozambique
  • Russia
  • New Caledonia
  • Philippines
  • Indonesia
  • China
  • Peru
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Chile
  • Australia

Global lithium demand in the Net Zero Scenario, 2023-2040

Open

Mt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320232030204000.250.50.7511.251.5
  • Clean energy
  • Other uses

Global nickel demand in the Net Zero Scenario, 2023-2040

Open

Mt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320232030204001234567
  • Clean energy
  • Other uses

Global rare earths demand in the Net Zero Scenario, 2023-2040

Open

kt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32023203020400255075100125150175200
  • Clean energy
  • Other uses

Expected supply from existing and announced projects and primary supply requirements in the Announced Pledges Scenario, 2035

Open
Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Index: 1= APS requirements in 2035CopperLithiumNickelCobaltGraphiteRare earths00.20.40.60.811.2
  • Mined supply in base case
  • Mined supply in high case
  • APS requirements in 2035