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Data and statistics

Indicative production costs for hydrogen via electrolysis in selected regions compared to current references

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USD/kg

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Western EuropeJapanUnited StatesChinaCurrent reference01234567891011121314
  • Recent grid electricity
  • VRE 2021
  • VRE APS - 2030
  • Current reference

Indicative production costs for ammonia via electrolysis in selected regions compared to current references

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USD/tonne

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Western EuropeJapanUnited StatesChinaCurrent reference02004006008001000120014001600180020002200240026002800300030…
  • Recent grid electricity
  • VRE 2021
  • VRE APS - 2030
  • Current reference

Global coal production, 2000-2025

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Mt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320002002200420062008201020122014201620182020202220240200040006000800010 000Estimates
  • China
  • India
  • United States
  • Australia
  • Indonesia
  • Russia
  • Rest of the World

Global thermal coal export changes, 2021-2025

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Mt

Created with Highcharts 9.3.32021RussiaAustraliaColombiaUnited StatesSouth AfricaIndonesiaRest of world2022IndonesiaSouth AfricaRest of worldUnited StatesRussiaAustraliaColombia2025800850900950100010501100

Percentage change in annual average final energy demand in selected emerging market and developing economies countries, 2000-2019

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3AfricaASEANBrazilChinaIndiaIndonesiaMexicoSouth Africa0123456789
  • 2000-2010
  • 2011-2019

Levelised cost of heating and cooling in mild climates

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USD (2021)/MWh

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Air-to-airElec. heat + ACGas + ACAir-to-airElec. heat + ACGas + ACAir-to-airElec. heat + ACGas + ACAir-to-airElec. heat + ACGas + AC050100150200250300350400450United StatesJapanItalyChina
  • Capital expenditures
  • Operating expenditures
  • Levelised cost with subsidies

System costs and value contribution in India and Indonesia, 2030

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USD/MWh (cost/value to the system)

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Baseline​costAnnualMonthlyHourly​(CFE 90)Hourly​(CFE 100)​isolatedHourly​(CFE 100)​optimisedBaseline​costAnnualMonthlyHourly​(CFE 90)Hourly​(CFE 100)​isolatedHourly​(CFE 100)​optimised0102030405060IndiaIndonesiaIndia Baseline costIndonesia Baseline cost
  • Total value
  • Peak cost
  • Fuel cost
  • Operating cost

Procurement portfolios and cost for annual and hourly matching in India and Indonesia, 2030

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Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Indonesia, APSInstalled capacity (MW/GWh load)Annualised total costs (USD/MWh)AnnualMonthlyHourly (CFE 90)Hourly (CFE​100)AnnualMonthlyHourly (CFE 90)Hourly (CFE​100)00.120.240.360.480.60.720153045607590India, SDS
  • Solar PV
  • Wind
  • Battery
  • Clean dispatchable
  • Costs

Reduction in CO2 emissions using siloed and optimised dispatch in India and Indonesia, 2030

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3Indonesia, APSEmissions reduction (%)Hourly (isolated)Hourly (CFE 100,​optimised)Hourly (CFE 90,​optimised)Hourly (isolated)Hourly (CFE 100,​optimised)Hourly (CFE 90,​optimised)020406080100120140India, SDS

Renewables installed generation capacity in the Announced Pledges Scenario, 2021–2030

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GW

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3202120300102030405060

Electric two/three-wheeler sales in the Announced Pledges Scenario, 2021–2030

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million/year

Created with Highcharts 9.3.320212030012345

Urbanisation rate for Indonesia relative to OECD countries, 2018

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%

Created with Highcharts 9.3.3OECDIndonesia0102030405060708090
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